Solanaceae
Capsicum
25 species13 cultivars3 threatened
Description
Genus of ~35 species of flowering plants in the nightshade family, native to the Americas. Five species are domesticated worldwide for their pungent or sweet fruits. Pungency is caused by capsaicinoids measured on the Scoville scale (SHU). Major diversity centre: Bolivia–Peru highlands.
Species(25 + 13 cultivars)
LC
Capsicum annuum
Bell Pepper
MexicoGuatemalaSpain+2
LC
Capsicum annuum var. glabriusculum
Chiltepin
MexicoUnited StatesGuatemala
LC
Capsicum baccatum
Ají Amarillo
PeruBoliviaChile+2
C
LC
Capsicum buforum
Brazil
C
LC
Capsicum campylopodium
Brazil
LC
Capsicum cardenasii
Ulupica
Bolivia
LC
Capsicum chacoense
Piment Sauvage du Chaco
ArgentinaBoliviaParaguay
LC
Capsicum chinense
Habanero
Trinidad and TobagoJamaicaMexico+2
C
LC
Capsicum dimorphum
Colombia
C
NT
Capsicum dusenii
Brazil
LC
Capsicum eximium
BoliviaArgentina
LC
Capsicum flexuosum
ParaguayBrazilBolivia
LC
Capsicum frutescens
Tabasco Pepper
MexicoMozambiqueUganda+2
C
NT
Capsicum galapagoense
Piment des Galápagos
Ecuador
VU
Capsicum lanceolatum
GuatemalaHonduras
LC
Capsicum mirabile
Brazil
C
LC
Capsicum parvifolium
BrazilVenezuela
C
VU
Capsicum pereirae
Brazil
LC
Capsicum praetermissum
Brazil
LC
Capsicum pubescens
Rocoto
PeruBoliviaEcuador+2
C
LC
Capsicum recurvatum
Brazil
LC
Capsicum rhomboideum
ColombiaEcuadorPeru
C
LC
Capsicum schottianum
Brazil
C
VU
Capsicum tovarii
Peru
C
LC
Capsicum villosum
Brazil
Cultivars(13)
C
Cultivar
NE
‘Cayenne’
Capsicum annuum
Cultivar
NE
‘Jalapeño’
Capsicum annuum
P
Cultivar
NE
‘Piquín’
Capsicum annuum
S
Cultivar
NE
‘Serrano’
Capsicum annuum
Cultivar
NE
‘Ají Amarillo’
Capsicum baccatum
7
Cultivar
NE
‘7 Pot Primo’
Capsicum chinense
Cultivar
NE
‘Bhut Jolokia’
Capsicum chinense
Cultivar
NE
‘Carolina Reaper’
Capsicum chinense
P
Cultivar
NE
‘Pepper X’
Capsicum chinense
Cultivar
NE
‘Red Savina Habanero’
Capsicum chinense
Cultivar
NE
‘Scotch Bonnet’
Capsicum chinense
T
Cultivar
NE
‘Trinidad Moruga Scorpion’
Capsicum chinense
R
Cultivar
NE
‘Rocoto Rojo’
Capsicum pubescens